IoT Projects
How to Make DIY Mini CNC Machine With Arduino
Table of Contents
Hey, friends welcome back I hope you are all fine A few years ago, I decided I wanted to make a DIY CNC Machine With Arduino. I had seen some online and they looked like a lot of fun. I wasn’t sure how to go about it, but I knew I wanted to use an Arduino microcontroller. After doing some research, I found a great tutorial online (link below). The tutorial walks you through all the steps of making a mini CNC machine, from building the frame to wiring the electronics.
Required Material’s for CNC Machine With Arduino
Components Used
- Old/ Used DVD Writers 2X ___________ (you can get these from any computer repairing/servicing shop)
- Arduino UNO 1X ___________________ https://amzn.to/3yHhqJI
- Servo Motor 1X ____________________ https://amzn.to/3NbIjti
- CNC Shield V1 (PCB)________________
- L293D IC 2X _______________________ https://amzn.to/3Pl3L0Q
- A piece of Aluminium ________________ From local store
- M5x25mm Nuts & Bolts ______________ From local store
- flaxible Wires_______________________ From local store
Tools used:
- Soldering Iron:
- Soldering Stand:
- Soldering Wire:
- Soldering flux:
- Glue gun:
- Multimeter:
I’ve been using my mini CNC machine to make all sorts of things. It’s been a lot of fun and I’ve learned a lot along the way. If you’re thinking about making your own mini CNC machine, I highly recommend it. Just be prepared to spend some time wiring everything up.
I started by gathering all the materials I needed. The tutorial calls for a few specific parts, but I was able to find most of them at my local hardware store. I did have to order the Arduino microcontroller and a few other bits and pieces online. Once I had everything, I followed the tutorial step-by-step.
Programming for CNC machine with arduino
Firstly download the original code and all additional required software from the provided link. attach Arduino with the computer and open the Arduino code from the downloaded file. choose the correct COM port and board type from the tool menu and hit upload. after successfully uploading the program open the G code Sender EXE and select the correct COM port after selecting the COM port all options in the application will open. now click the load G-code button to select the file which you want to draw.
CNC Machine With Arduino Code
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// diyprojectslab.com #include <Servo.h> #include <Stepper.h> #define LINE_BUFFER_LENGTH 512 const int penZUp = 80; const int penZDown = 40; const int penServoPin = 6; const int stepsPerRevolution = 20; Servo penServo; Stepper myStepperY(stepsPerRevolution, 2,3,4,5); Stepper myStepperX(stepsPerRevolution, 8,9,10,11); struct point { float x; float y; float z; }; struct point actuatorPos; float StepInc = 1; int StepDelay = 0; int LineDelay = 50; int penDelay = 50; float StepsPerMillimeterX = 6.0; float StepsPerMillimeterY = 6.0; float Xmin = 0; float Xmax = 40; float Ymin = 0; float Ymax = 40; float Zmin = 0; float Zmax = 1; float Xpos = Xmin; float Ypos = Ymin; float Zpos = Zmax; boolean verbose = false; void setup() { Serial.begin( 9600 ); penServo.attach(penServoPin); penServo.write(penZUp); delay(200); myStepperX.setSpeed(250); myStepperY.setSpeed(250); Serial.println("Mini CNC Plotter alive and kicking!"); Serial.print("X range is from "); Serial.print(Xmin); Serial.print(" to "); Serial.print(Xmax); Serial.println(" mm."); Serial.print("Y range is from "); Serial.print(Ymin); Serial.print(" to "); Serial.print(Ymax); Serial.println(" mm."); } void loop() { delay(200); char line[ LINE_BUFFER_LENGTH ]; char c; int lineIndex; bool lineIsComment, lineSemiColon; lineIndex = 0; lineSemiColon = false; lineIsComment = false; while (1) { while ( Serial.available()>0 ) { c = Serial.read(); if (( c == '\n') || (c == '\r') ) { if ( lineIndex > 0 ) { line[ lineIndex ] = '\0'; if (verbose) { Serial.print( "Received : "); Serial.println( line ); } processIncomingLine( line, lineIndex ); lineIndex = 0; } else { } lineIsComment = false; lineSemiColon = false; Serial.println("ok"); } else { if ( (lineIsComment) || (lineSemiColon) ) { // Throw away all comment characters if ( c == ')' ) lineIsComment = false; // End of comment. Resume line. } else { if ( c <= ' ' ) { // Throw away whitepace and control characters } else if ( c == '/' ) { // Block delete not supported. Ignore character. } else if ( c == '(' ) { // Enable comments flag and ignore all characters until ')' or EOL. lineIsComment = true; } else if ( c == ';' ) { lineSemiColon = true; } else if ( lineIndex >= LINE_BUFFER_LENGTH-1 ) { Serial.println( "ERROR - lineBuffer overflow" ); lineIsComment = false; lineSemiColon = false; } else if ( c >= 'a' && c <= 'z' ) { // Upcase lowercase line[ lineIndex++ ] = c-'a'+'A'; } else { line[ lineIndex++ ] = c; } } } } } } void processIncomingLine( char* line, int charNB ) { int currentIndex = 0; char buffer[ 64 ]; // Hope that 64 is enough for 1 parameter struct point newPos; newPos.x = 0.0; newPos.y = 0.0; // Needs to interpret // G1 for moving // G4 P300 (wait 150ms) // G1 X60 Y30 // G1 X30 Y50 // M300 S30 (pen down) // M300 S50 (pen up) // Discard anything with a ( // Discard any other command! while( currentIndex < charNB ) { switch ( line[ currentIndex++ ] ) { // Select command, if any case 'U': penUp(); break; case 'D': penDown(); break; case 'G': buffer[0] = line[ currentIndex++ ]; // /!\ Dirty - Only works with 2 digit commands // buffer[1] = line[ currentIndex++ ]; // buffer[2] = '\0'; buffer[1] = '\0'; switch ( atoi( buffer ) ){ // Select G command case 0: // G00 & G01 - Movement or fast movement. Same here case 1: // /!\ Dirty - Suppose that X is before Y char* indexX = strchr( line+currentIndex, 'X' ); // Get X/Y position in the string (if any) char* indexY = strchr( line+currentIndex, 'Y' ); if ( indexY <= 0 ) { newPos.x = atof( indexX + 1); newPos.y = actuatorPos.y; } else if ( indexX <= 0 ) { newPos.y = atof( indexY + 1); newPos.x = actuatorPos.x; } else { newPos.y = atof( indexY + 1); indexY = '\0'; newPos.x = atof( indexX + 1); } drawLine(newPos.x, newPos.y ); // Serial.println("ok"); actuatorPos.x = newPos.x; actuatorPos.y = newPos.y; break; } break; case 'M': buffer[0] = line[ currentIndex++ ]; // /!\ Dirty - Only works with 3 digit commands buffer[1] = line[ currentIndex++ ]; buffer[2] = line[ currentIndex++ ]; buffer[3] = '\0'; switch ( atoi( buffer ) ){ case 300: { char* indexS = strchr( line+currentIndex, 'S' ); float Spos = atof( indexS + 1); // Serial.println("ok"); if (Spos == 30) { penDown(); } if (Spos == 50) { penUp(); } break; } case 114: // M114 - Repport position Serial.print( "Absolute position : X = " ); Serial.print( actuatorPos.x ); Serial.print( " - Y = " ); Serial.println( actuatorPos.y ); break; default: Serial.print( "Command not recognized : M"); Serial.println( buffer ); } } } } void drawLine(float x1, float y1) { if (verbose) { Serial.print("fx1, fy1: "); Serial.print(x1); Serial.print(","); Serial.print(y1); Serial.println(""); } if (x1 >= Xmax) { x1 = Xmax; } if (x1 <= Xmin) { x1 = Xmin; } if (y1 >= Ymax) { y1 = Ymax; } if (y1 <= Ymin) { y1 = Ymin; } if (verbose) { Serial.print("Xpos, Ypos: "); Serial.print(Xpos); Serial.print(","); Serial.print(Ypos); Serial.println(""); } if (verbose) { Serial.print("x1, y1: "); Serial.print(x1); Serial.print(","); Serial.print(y1); Serial.println(""); } // Convert coordinates to steps x1 = (int)(x1*StepsPerMillimeterX); y1 = (int)(y1*StepsPerMillimeterY); float x0 = Xpos; float y0 = Ypos; // Let's find out the change for the coordinates long dx = abs(x1-x0); long dy = abs(y1-y0); int sx = x0<x1 ? StepInc : -StepInc; int sy = y0<y1 ? StepInc : -StepInc; long i; long over = 0; if (dx > dy) { for (i=0; i<dx; ++i) { myStepperX.step(sx); over+=dy; if (over>=dx) { over-=dx; myStepperY.step(sy); } delay(StepDelay); } } else { for (i=0; i<dy; ++i) { myStepperY.step(sy); over+=dx; if (over>=dy) { over-=dy; myStepperX.step(sx); } delay(StepDelay); } } if (verbose) { Serial.print("dx, dy:"); Serial.print(dx); Serial.print(","); Serial.print(dy); Serial.println(""); } if (verbose) { Serial.print("Going to ("); Serial.print(x0); Serial.print(","); Serial.print(y0); Serial.println(")"); } delay(LineDelay); Xpos = x1; Ypos = y1; } void penUp() { penServo.write(penZUp); delay(LineDelay); Zpos=Zmax; if (verbose) { Serial.println("Pen up!"); } } void penDown() { penServo.write(penZDown); delay(LineDelay); Zpos=Zmin; if (verbose) { Serial.println("Pen down."); } } |
Conclusion CNC Machine With Arduino
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Make Arduino RC transmitter For RC Toys – Drone or Plane
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Thanks for sharing this project… Good job